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Routing

Routing is another can of worms. Basically, every router on the Internet knows 2 things about life: How to reach IP addresses on its own network, and who to ask when it wants to reach something on another network.
 

There’s more to it, like routers telling each other about the shortest or fastest ways to get from point A to B, and they can have multiple interfaces and “load balance” traffic between them, but we won’t get into that.